E-M and bacterial wilt

[canadamike]

Last Christmas I got a wonderful e-mail.

One year prior to the mail, a french farmer teaching organic agriculture had called me for potatoes that were resistant to bacterial wilt, a plague in that part of the world apparently. 2009 had been the year of the potato for the UN, and they were trying to grow some.

I had none with that description, there were some in GRIN, but then, with the quarantine and so on...those villagers were sure NOT to eat any potatoes for quite a few years.

So I recommended them that he innoculated the tubers with efficient microorganisms, Tom and I discovered them in Morlaix while touring France....

They did, and for the first time could harvest them.

I call it the ''NO VACANCY'' principle: fill the hotel with good people and there is no room for the bad ones ;D

I will order e-ms next spring since we now have them in the country...it is something worth exploring more...

[dkelly]

Is Em a combo of bread yeast, yoghurt culture and a green bacteria?

[Tom Wagner]

Thanks, Michel, for reminding me of our conversations in France. I have probably forgotten way too much for my own good. I am not in the comfort zone of working with the endophytic bacterial since I am so busy with other work ...work that never seems to get finished as it is.
That said...here are my comments to date....


Endophytic Bacteria
Beneficial bacteria interact with plants by colonizing the rhizosphere and roots followed by further spread through the inner tissues, resulting in endophytic colonization.



Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum)
This disease occurs with bad drainage, especially in the hot, wet season and is often combined with symptoms of root-knot nematodes. Plants wilt and die suddenly. When newly infected stems are cut crosswise and placed in water, a greyish or yellowish ooze appears from the cut stem. The pathogen is soil-borne with a wide host range. Root-knot nematode infestation aggravates the disease development.
Bacterial Wilt severely limits the production of seed potatoes and chemical controls are not effective. BW can be in tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, tobacco, and peanuts. It is quite the problem in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America. Quarantined potato production of tubers is necessary but could be greatly helped with the TPS in isolated shade houses in those areas to produce BW tubers free of the bacteria and especially helpful if BW resistant lines are utilized. In those areas where BW is a problem, I would suggest trialing advanced clones to determine resistance and then testing TPS seedling families for individual successes and then follow up with increased growing of the selected clones from TPS for commercial production.

Muruta is a variety that I promoted as TPS for control of BW. I am near out of TPS seed at this moment. However, phureja clones should show lots of promise. Crosses between tuberosum and phureja is the angle best suited for obtaining big populations of tuber families with resistance….. clones 720118, 800212, 800223 and 800224 were the most tolerant. These clones are products of crosses between S. phureja parents (resistant to bacterial wilt) and tuberosum.

I have lots of TPS seed of crosses of 720118… Cruza (CIP-720118) had low bacterial wilt severity and incidence and were rated tolerant, whereas the other cultivars were rated moderately susceptible or very susceptible. And…most of these crosses of Cruza 148 are to clones adapted to my locale. I will take some time maybe to look up the other BW resistant clones that I may already has TPS of.


Bacterial wilt symptoms on potato plants. The first visible symptom on foliage is a wilting of the leaves at the ends of the branches during the heat of the day with recovery at night. As the disease develops, a streaky brown discoloration of the stem may be observed on stems 2.5 cm or more above the soil line, and the leaves develop a bronze tint.

I have sent Muruta TPS to a couple of tropical locations for testing this winter. Hope to hear back from the fellows there later next Spring at the latest.

[canadamike]

EMs are a complex of 80 different life supporting bacterias and yeasts.

[Tom Wagner]

www.emsustains.co.uk/what_is_EM.htm

What is EM™

EM™is the abbreviation for Effective Micro-Organisms.
EM is a combination of useful regenerative micro-organisms that exist freely in nature and are not manipulated in any way.
This mixture increases the natural resistance of soil, plants, water, humans, and animals.
EM considerably improves the quality and fertility of soil as well as the growth and quality of crops.

The possibilities for using EM are numerable and include the following:

Agriculture - reducing the dependency on fertilisers, chemicals and pesticides
The restoration of polluted or degraded land
For solving all kinds of environmental problems such as water, air, and soil pollution
In horticulture, fruit and flower cultivation
For use in the home in daily life for everyone
The recycling of kitchen waste and turning it into valuable organic material
In the garden to improve soil structure, increase productivity and to suppress both disease and weeds
In animal husbandry and for all kinds of pets
In fisheries, aquariums and swimming pools
In personal bodily hygiene and for the prevention and treatment of health problems.

EM consists of 80 different kinds of effective, disease-suppressing micro-organisms. Each of these effective micro-organisms has a specific task. In addition, these micro-organisms enhance each other's working. This means that synergy occurs!
The micro-organisms are naturally existing and are not modified or manipulated in any way and are cultured according to a specific method. Some of which are known to produce bioactive substances such as vitamins, hormones, enzymes, antioxidants and antibiotics that can directly, or indirectly enhance plant growth and protection.
The micro-organisms in EM have been used medicinally and in food processing for many years, which gives an indication as to how safe hey are to use.


EM consists of the following five families of micro-organisms:

Lactic acid bacteria: these bacteria are differentiated by their powerful sterilising properties. They suppress harmful micro-organisms and encourage quick breakdown of organic substances. In addition, they can suppress the reproduction of Fusarium, a harmful fungus.
Yeasts: these manufacture anti-microbial and useful substances for plant growth. Their metabolites are food for other bacteria such as the lactic acid and actinomycete groups.
Actinomycetes: these suppress harmful fungi and bacteria and can live together with photosynthetic bacteria.
Photosynthetic bacteria: these bacteria play the leading role in the activity of EM. They synthesise useful substances from the secretions of roots, organic matter and/or harmful gases (e.g. hydrogen sulphide) by using sunlight and the heat of soil as sources of energy. They contribute to a better use of sunlight or, in other words, better photosynthesis. The metabolites developed by these micro-organisms are directly absorbed into plants. In addition, these bacteria increase the number of other bacteria and act as nitrogen binders.
Fungi that bring about fermentation these break down the organic substances quickly. This suppresses smell and prevents damage that could be caused by harmful insects.

Effective Microorganisms, or EM is one of the most popular microbial technologies being used world-wide now and EM products have been on the market since 1983 in Japan.

EM comes in a liquid form and consists of naturally-occurring beneficial microorganisms. EM is now produced in many countries and uses the strains of the appropriate microorganisms that occur naturally to the region.

Throughout the world, EM applications are made in the farming, livestock, environmental cleanup (polluted waterways, lakes and lagoons), and health industries.

What EM is not, is harmful, pathogenic, genetically-engineered/modified (GMO), nor chemically-synthesized. Neither is EM a drug or fertiliser.

apaper written by Myint Lwini and S. L. Ranamukhaarachchi.[4] The paper discusses biological controls of bacterial wilt disease and showed that application of EM and EM Bokashi were most-effective as bio-control agents.

[Tom Wagner]

Anybody with experience with this product?



What does the labeling say for EM·1®?

Active Ingredients: Microorganisms... 1 million colony forming units/cc (units/ml) Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus planarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Bacillus subtilis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cervisiae.

Uses: The beneficial microorganisms in EM·1® combine with microbes that are already present in the environment to promote rapid multiplication of beneficial microorganisms which foster health soils and optimal growing conditions for plants.

"Organic Materials Review Institute Listed"

[wingnut]

I had a friend use it for awhile. I don't think he uses it anymore......what does that tell you? Maybe to help remediate abused soil conditions.

[dkelly]

Here is what I would like to see...
Some good old fashioned agar plate challenge tests against the bad guys (fusarium, ralstonia, ect...)
That usually makes me a believer.
I can't afford to use something that does not have specific and clear results backed by specific and clear science.

[canadamike]

Tom, this is EXACTLY what they used in Africa to rid the fields of the bacterial problem. And if you remember well, when in Morlaix, the last day, this is what they give me to (mostly) rid me of the awful toothache I had.

The good guys fought against the bad ones in my mouth and it would relieve me of the worse of the pain for a while...I did not have enough for the whole trip, sadly...

It has all sorts of use, including fermenting fruit and vegetable juice, I can buy european ( german) juices in my organic heath store made with that. If I am not wrong, they also use it for bokashi.

[Tom Wagner]

Since my potting soil and field amendments to the soil for potatoes and tomatoes already includes mycorrhyzals...to benefit the funal populations...I should include the EM-1 in next year's trials.


I wonder if I could use a combo of the mycorrhyzals, EM-1, Serenade or Bacillus subtilis...the latter ones good for controlling blackleg and soft rot in potatoes...


I should feed the soil before the soil feeds me problems.


[

b]EM•1®

[/b] Microbial Inoculant, commonly referred to as EM, can be added to hydroponic liquid feeding programs to enhance overall crop quality and the post-harvest shelf life. Improved plant vigor and tissue density in tomatoes and lettuces are a result of the numerous enzymes, organic acids, bioactive minerals, amino acids, and diverse antioxidants that are the byproducts of EM, which are absorbed through the root systems.
The microbial alliances of EM concentrate along the plant root surfaces and create important symbiotic associations similar to mycorrhizae- root symbiosis. EM•1® Microbial Inoculant helps increase the nutrient uptake potential and efficiency, while reducing plant stress that can be caused by high levels of available nutrients.
The microbial alliances of EM concentrate along the plant root surfaces and create important symbiotic associations similar to mycorrhizae- root symbiosis. EM•1® Microbial Inoculant helps increase the nutrient uptake potential and efficiency, while reducing plant stress that can be caused by high levels of available nutrients.[/quote]

Oh, and BTW....here is CanadaMike in France excited about something he pulled from the shore. Yes, I took the picture...

[Tom Wagner]

I found this picture of myself and Blanche near Morlaix France...simply by Google searching Morlaix house built 1492....thanks to CanadaMike.

[dkelly]

www.academicjournals.org/ajar/pdf/pdf2011/4%20Feb/Ncube%20et%20al.pdf

just 1 study...need more.

[canadamike]

Very interesting...so, depending on how you read it, it works or not....it would work if one did put less nitrogen fertiliser in whatever form. Very very interesting.

I doubt very much that the sugars in the molasses would invite the diseases. I know plenty of organic farmers spraying molasses,and I do so myself, adding it to mixes. The dilution rate is way too high to cause problems in my mind, and we are not talking bacterias but ascomycetes anyway.

Too much nitrogen is an open door for these diseases, with a big ''WELCOME, FREE BOOZE AND FOOD'' sign...whatever is responsible for this nitrogen surplus.

But there is no doubt in my mind this stuff is or should be primarily devoted to soil remediation.

[janetjacobson]

Concrete surfaces can accumulate dirt, grime, oil stains, mold, mildew, and other unsightly substances over time. Regular cleaning helps restore the original appearance of the concrete, enhancing the overall aesthetic appeal of the property.