Wild Species of Tomatoes

[Tom Wagner]

i.imgur.com/bhTIHKw.jpg

Late getting these into the ground but my first of a couple or three replications of will species going into the ground.

The tray has pennellii, chmielewskii, cheesmaniae, habrochaites, cornelliomueller, pimpinellifolium, chilense, hauylasense, lycopersicoides, but no germ on arcanum.

I also have a series of backcross recombinant inbred lines (a.k.a. introgression lines) representing the genome of S. habrochaites (L. hirsutum) accession LA1777 in the background of Solanum lycopersicum ( L. esculentum) E6203.

LA3961 etc.

[DarJones]

I posted this in wiki and you may be able to use it too. From the listed species, you can make crosses with pennelli, chmielewskii, habrochaites, cheesmaniae, and pimpinellifolium. The first three will have to be used as pollen parents only. One problem you will run into is timing. The wild species tend to be relatively long season taking up to 100 days before they produce blooms. I had very good results with Pimpinellifolium crosses last year, but the genetics to be gained from it are not as significant as from Habrochaites.

I think I sent you some seed of LA0417 and LA2175. Did you get them? and if so, did you grow them?




"Including Solanum lycopersicum, there are currently 13 species recognized in Solanum section Lycopersicon. Three of these species—S. Cheesmaniae, S. Galapagense, and S. Pimpinellifolium—are fully cross compatible with domestic tomato. Four more species—S. chmielewskii, S. habrochaites, S. neorickii, and S. pennelli—can be readily crossed with domestic tomato, with some limitations. Five species—S. arcanum, S. chilense, S. corneliomulleri, S. huaylasense, and S. peruvianum—can be crossed with domestic tomato with difficulty and usually require embryo rescue to produce viable plants. The Lycopersicon section has not been fully sampled within wild species in the South American range, so new species may be added in the future.

Solanum section Lycopersicoides and section Juglandifolium are represented by two species each that are considered bridge species genetically intermediate between tomato and non-tuber bearing potato species. S. Lycopersicoides can be crossed with domestic tomato and introgression lines [68] have been developed. This species was significant in moving the domestic tomato from separate genus status into the Solanum group because it directly links the tomato into the potato family."




I also posted this re Piennolo del Vesuvio X LA0417 on T'Ville.

I've mentioned this cross several times and finally today had a few ripe fruits. The background for this cross is my search for high septoria tolerance which led me to grow several wild species from TGRC in 2013. I found 3 plants that were exceptional.

LA0417 is S. Pimpinellifolium which is fully cross compatible with domestic tomato. It showed better than average tolerance to septoria and was the best of the S. Pimpinellifolium lines I grew.

I also observed good tolerance in LA2869 which is S. Habrochaites. This line is self incompatible which is typical of S. Habrochaites. The tolerance was good, but not exceptional, there was some leaf damage toward the end of the season.

The best tolerance was LA2175 which is S. Habrochaites and happens to be a self-compatible line. These plants were totally unharmed by septoria and were still fruiting at the end of the season.

I put several plants in 1 gallon pots late last year and attempted crosses. Piennolo del Vesuvio was one of the potted plants. It is a potato leaf variety so was extra easy to tell if crosses took given that the male lines are all regular leaf. This spring, I grew a few seedlings from Piennolo and had 3 regular leaf. I put these into my garden. Two of them are from LA0417 and the 3rd is from a large fruited variety. I had tried some pollen of Black From Tula and Aunt Ruby's German Green so one of those is the probable parent.

Today I picked 2 ripe fruit and there is about a gallon nearly ripe on the LA0417 derived plants. Flavor is good though not quite as sweet as I like. Texture is more like Piennolo, a bit mushy on the inside. Aroma is clean, slightly pungent, good fragrant essence of tomato. As an F1 cross, the results this year do not predict results for F2 plants. I will save a few hundred seed and see what next year brings.

Septoria tolerance of the F1 plants is mid-range, not as good as LA0417, but significantly better than susceptible plants growing in my garden. I expect the tolerance to be based on multiple genes therefore will be slow to concentrate into a stable line.

Why are crosses like this useful? Because the "immune system" of wild species is much more robust than domestic tomato. A few generations of growing and stable large fruited plants can be developed that will bring useful new resistance genes into plants gardeners will enjoy growing.

[Tom Wagner]

I did a quick look at my pedigree books and 845 lines sown this year I did not find them. I know I have the seed and they may not have gotten into the right queue for seeding out. Next group for sure.

I have two pimpinellifoliums selected for the reasons below...

Abstract

We have identified an accession (LA2093) within the tomato wild species Solanum pimpinellifolium with many desirable characteristics, including biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and good fruit quality. To utilize the full genetic potential of LA2093 in tomato breeding, we have developed a linkage map based on an F-2
population of a cross between LA2093 and a tomato breeding line,

Transferring pollen from a wild tomato (Solanum pimpinellifolium LA 1589) carrying the s allele to a normal parent (M82, a selection from UC82, processing tomato) produces a hybrid with normal flower clusters, and subsequent self-pollination of the hybrid leads to a population that segregates in the classical Mendelian pattern in which three out of four progeny have a normal infloresence and one out of four have elongated flower clusters.

i.imgur.com/YfnRiFd.jpg

I have two or more of each of the species in order to cross between the accessions rather than mass sib mate.   Anything of worthiness and not producing fruits for seed maybe will subject to rooting some to take to the heated greenhouses around before frost.  Too many projects to do this year once again.

[Tom Wagner]

I have been keen on crossing to 14 kinds of tomato root stocks this Spring....what is left of it, summer is here now? I have been crossing early blooming lines like Summer Sunset, Betimes Macbeth, Pearly Pink Orange, Early Willamette, Al Kuffa etc., to root stocks like Arnold and Maxifort. If I can get rootstocks to be earlier...hmmm?

One of my many objectives is to cross one of the more purple stemmed habrochaites to my Dwarf Shadow Boxing to get a hybrid with blue stems for preliminary grafting work. Having a strong blue color to the grafting stock might be fun.

[DarJones]

Both LA2093 and LA1589 are from groups of plants, i.e. you will get different results depending on which individual plant is used for breeding. There is variation within LA2093, as seen in my garden in 2011. I had some plants with normal colored fruit and others that were intense red indicating high lycopene. Foolad has done the most with LA2093, selecting lines for early blight tolerance, high lycopene, and stress tolerance. He developed introgression lines which have been submitted to TGRC but are not available for distribution. They are LA4505 through LA4653.
tgrc.ucdavis.edu/Data/Acc/dataframe.aspx?start=AccDetail.aspx?AccessionNum=LA4505&navstart=nav.html

The interesting trait in LA1589 is ladder truss. It would be a very interesting trait to work with in the background of Betimes Macbeth. I have not grown LA1589.

I have limited numbers of wild species growing this year, mostly because I am concentrating on seed increase for several varieties that I was on the verge of losing because I had so few seed. I have one very interesting line growing this year that has exceptionally high lycopene. It was an oddball, a single plant out of about 300 that birds planted in my garden and fruited late in the fall. The seed it came from would have been one of the S. Pimpinellifolium lines I grew last year though I have no idea which. I also have a plant of LA0417 growing so I can make comparisons to the F1 cross of Piennolo X LA0417 and I have a couple of plants growing of S. Habrochaites LA2175 so I can attempt some more late crosses.

[Tom Wagner]

LA2093 and LA1589 had some plants blooming so I crossed them together to broaden the germ plasm. I also crossed them to some of my specialty varieties to start the introgression.